{"id":1544,"date":"2019-11-18T11:51:38","date_gmt":"2019-11-18T10:51:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/?p=1544"},"modified":"2023-04-18T12:59:24","modified_gmt":"2023-04-18T11:59:24","slug":"cellulose-carbamate-derived-cellulose-thin-films-preparation-characterization-and-blending-with-cellulose-xanthate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/cellulose-carbamate-derived-cellulose-thin-films-preparation-characterization-and-blending-with-cellulose-xanthate\/","title":{"rendered":"Cellulose carbamate derived cellulose thin films: preparation, characterization and blending with cellulose xanthate"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Despite being rather old, the Viscose\nprocess still is the most important and frequently used technology for the\nproduction of regenerated wood based fibers with annual production volumes\nexceeding 3.5 million tons, mainly for the textile industry.*<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However,\nthere are several environmental drawbacks of this technology. For instance, the\nnecessity to use CS2 to form the cellulose precursor material (cellulose\nxanthate, CX), as well as the development of volatile sulfur containing\ncompounds (e.g. H2S, COS) during the regeneration procedure requires complex\nrecovery technologies, which manifest into higher prices of the final fiber\nproducts.*<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Another technology that has raised attention in recent years is the Carbacell process. The Carbacell process relies on cellulose carbamate (CC), which is easily obtained by reacting cellulose with urea. CC is soluble in cold alkali and can be subjected to wet spinning processes similar to those in viscose plants.*<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In their article: \u201cCellulose carbamate derived cellulose thin films: preparation, characterization and blending with cellulose xanthate<\/em>\u201d Michael Wei\u00dfl, Mathias Andreas Hobisch, Leena Sisko Johansson, Kay Hettrich, Eero Kontturi, Bert Volkert and Stefan Spirk introduce a new system for manufacturing cellulose thin films based on ecofriendly CC. *<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since CC is water soluble, the use of organic solvents is omitted compared to the other often employed cellulose derivative, TMSC. In addition, CC can be synthesized in large scale via environmentally friendly procedures. The regeneration process itself does not require any additional treatment but is induced by increasing the NaOH concentration during the spin-coating via evaporation of the water, as confirmed by IR and XPS spectroscopy.*<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Atomic Force Microscopy in tapping mode using a NanoWorld Arrow-NCR<\/a> AFM probe was employed to gain further information about the surface morphology and structure of the CC films.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Fig. 3 from \u201cCellulose carbamate derived cellulose thin films: preparation, characterization and blending with cellulose xanthate<\/em>\u201d by Michael Wei\u00dfl et al.:
2\u2009\u00d7\u20092 \u00b5m2 AFM height (upper row) and phase (lower row) images of CC based thin films after spin coating and rinsing with water; starting with concentrations from 1.0 to 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 wt% <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

*Michael Wei\u00dfl, Mathias Andreas Hobisch, Leena Sisko Johansson, Kay Hettrich, Eero Kontturi, Bert Volkert, Stefan Spirk
Cellulose carbamate derived cellulose thin films: preparation, characterization and blending with cellulose xanthate<\/strong>
Cellulose, August 2019, Volume 26, Issue 12, pp 7399\u20137410
Doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10570-019-02600-z <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Please follow this external link to read the full article: h<\/a>ttps:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs10570-019-02600-z<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Open Access: The paper \u00ab Cellulose carbamate derived cellulose thin films: preparation, characterization and blending with cellulose xanthate <\/em>\u00bb by Michael Wei\u00dfl, Mathias Andreas Hobisch, Leena Sisko Johansson, Kay Hettrich, Eero Kontturi, Bert Volkert and Stefan Spirk is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article\u2019s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article\u2019s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Despite being rather old, the Viscose process still is the most important and frequently used technology for the production of regenerated wood based fibers with annual production volumes exceeding 3.5 million tons, mainly for the textile industry.* However, there are several environmental drawbacks of this technology. For instance, the necessity to use CS2 to form … Continue reading Cellulose carbamate derived cellulose thin films: preparation, characterization and blending with cellulose xanthate<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[273,20,19,18,269,17,271,270,275,274,272,16,14,12,21],"class_list":["post-1544","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news","tag-all-cellulose-blend-films","tag-arrow-afm-cantilever","tag-arrow-afm-probe","tag-arrow-afm-tip","tag-arrow-ncr","tag-atomic-force-microscopy","tag-cellulose","tag-cellulose-carbamate","tag-cellulose-swelling","tag-cellulose-thin-film","tag-cellulose-xanthate","tag-scanning-probe-microscopy","tag-spm-cantilevers","tag-spm-tips","tag-tapping-mode"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1544","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1544"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1544\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1551,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1544\/revisions\/1551"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1544"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1544"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}