{"id":1529,"date":"2019-10-29T20:38:46","date_gmt":"2019-10-29T19:38:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/?p=1529"},"modified":"2023-04-18T12:59:24","modified_gmt":"2023-04-18T11:59:24","slug":"analysis-of-long-dsrna-produced-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-using-atomic-force-microscopy-in-conjunction-with-ion-pair-reverse-phase-hplc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/analysis-of-long-dsrna-produced-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-using-atomic-force-microscopy-in-conjunction-with-ion-pair-reverse-phase-hplc\/","title":{"rendered":"Analysis of long dsRNA produced in vitro and in vivo using atomic force microscopy in conjunction with ion-pair reverse-phase HPLC"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Long double-stranded (ds) RNA is emerging as a novel alternative to chemical and genetically-modified insect and fungal management strategies. The ability to produce large quantities of dsRNA in either bacterial systems, by in vitro transcription, in cell-free systems or in planta for RNA interference applications has generated significant demand for the development and application of analytical tools for analysis of dsRNA.*<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In their article \u201cAnalysis of long dsRNA produced in vitro and in vivo using atomic force microscopy in conjunction with ion-pair reverse-phase HPLC\u201d Alison O. Nwokeoji, Sandip Kumar, Peter M. Kilby, David E. Portwood, Jamie K. Hobbs and Mark J. Dickman have utilised atomic force microscopy (AFM) in conjunction with ion-pair reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (IP-RP-HPLC) to provide novel insight into dsRNA for RNAi applications.*<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The AFM analysis enabled direct structural characterisation of the A-form duplex dsRNA and accurate determination of the dsRNA duplex length.*<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The work presented in this study demonstrates the ability of AFM in conjunction with IP RP HPLC to rapidly assess sample heterogeneity and provide important structural information regarding dsRNA.*<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> For the high resolution images presented in Fig. 1(A, B) and 2(B) in the article NanoWorld <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Ultra-Short Cantilevers (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/ultra-short-cantilevers-afm-tips\" target=\"_blank\">Ultra-Short Cantilevers<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/Ultra-Short-Cantilevers-USC-F1.2-k0.15.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"USC-F1.2-k0.15 (opens in a new tab)\">USC-F1.2-k0.15<\/a> with a High Density Carbon tip (nominal values: tip radius 10 nm, cantilever length 7 \u03bcm, stiffness 0.15 N m\u22121, resonant frequency 1200 kHz in air) were tuned to 600\u2013650 kHz, oscillated at a free amplitude of &lt;30 mV and scanned at a rate of 0.4\u20131.0 \u03bcm s\u22121,to visualize the dsRNA and dsDNA grooves.*<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"445\" src=\"https:\/\/dhipgo7nn2tea.cloudfront.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/29202314\/Figure-1-A-B-from-Analysis-of-long-dsRNA-produced-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-using-atomic-force-microscopy-in-conjunction-with-ion-pair-reverse-phase-HPLC_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1536\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dhipgo7nn2tea.cloudfront.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/29202314\/Figure-1-A-B-from-Analysis-of-long-dsRNA-produced-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-using-atomic-force-microscopy-in-conjunction-with-ion-pair-reverse-phase-HPLC_1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/dhipgo7nn2tea.cloudfront.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/29202314\/Figure-1-A-B-from-Analysis-of-long-dsRNA-produced-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-using-atomic-force-microscopy-in-conjunction-with-ion-pair-reverse-phase-HPLC_1-300x111.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dhipgo7nn2tea.cloudfront.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/29202314\/Figure-1-A-B-from-Analysis-of-long-dsRNA-produced-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-using-atomic-force-microscopy-in-conjunction-with-ion-pair-reverse-phase-HPLC_1-768x285.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dhipgo7nn2tea.cloudfront.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/29202314\/Figure-1-A-B-from-Analysis-of-long-dsRNA-produced-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-using-atomic-force-microscopy-in-conjunction-with-ion-pair-reverse-phase-HPLC_1-1024x380.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dhipgo7nn2tea.cloudfront.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/29202314\/Figure-1-A-B-from-Analysis-of-long-dsRNA-produced-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-using-atomic-force-microscopy-in-conjunction-with-ion-pair-reverse-phase-HPLC_1-800x297.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption> <br>  Fig. 1 A and B from \u201c<em>Analysis of long dsRNA produced in vitro and in vivo using atomic force microscopy in conjunction with ion-pair reverse-phase HPLC<\/em>\u201d by Alison O. Nwokeoji et al. :<br> Analysis of dsRNA monomers, multimers and higher order assemblies under non-denaturing conditions. Non-denaturing gel electrophoretograms (A) in vivo synthesised dsRNA (521 bp and 698 bp) (B) in vitro synthesised dsRNA (504 bp). Each dsRNA sample was run in duplicate. The proposed dsRNA multimers or higher order assemblies with reduced electrophoretic mobility are highlighted above the corresponding dsRNA main band. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>*Alison O. Nwokeoji, Sandip Kumar,Peter M. Kilby, David E. Portwood, Jamie K. Hobbs and Mark J. Dickman<br> <strong>Analysis of long dsRNA produced in vitro and in vivo using atomic force microscopy in conjunction with ion-pair reverse-phase HPLC<\/strong><br> Analyst, 2019,144, 4985<br> DOI: 10.1039\/c9an00954j<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Please follow this external link for the full article:  <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/2019\/an\/c9an00954j\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/2019\/an\/c9an00954j  (opens in a new tab)\">https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/2019\/an\/c9an00954j <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nOpen\nAccess: The article \u00ab Analysis of long dsRNA produced in vitro and in vivo\nusing atomic force microscopy in conjunction with ion-pair reverse-phase HPLC &nbsp;by Alison O. Nwokeoji, Sandip Kumar,Peter M.\nKilby, David E. Portwood, Jamie K. Hobbs and Mark J. Dickman is licensed under\na Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 International License, which permits use,\nsharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as\nlong as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source,\nprovide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were\nmade. The images or other third party material in this article are included in\nthe article\u2019s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit\nline to the material. If material is not included in the article\u2019s Creative\nCommons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation\nor exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from\nthe copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/.\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Long double-stranded (ds) RNA is emerging as a novel alternative to chemical and genetically-modified insect and fungal management strategies. The ability to produce large quantities of dsRNA in either bacterial systems, by in vitro transcription, in cell-free systems or in planta for RNA interference applications has generated significant demand for the development and application of &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/analysis-of-long-dsrna-produced-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-using-atomic-force-microscopy-in-conjunction-with-ion-pair-reverse-phase-hplc\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\" >Analysis of long dsRNA produced in vitro and in vivo using atomic force microscopy in conjunction with ion-pair reverse-phase HPLC<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[11,8,10,17,166,93,262,96,263,268,264,24,267,15,265,266,16,52,53,124,392,393,394,395,396],"class_list":{"0":"post-1529","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"hentry","6":"category-news","7":"tag-afm-cantilever","8":"tag-afm-probe","9":"tag-afm-tips","10":"tag-atomic-force-microscopy","11":"tag-biochemistry","12":"tag-biology","13":"tag-biomolecules","14":"tag-biophysics","15":"tag-biotechnology","16":"tag-dsdna","17":"tag-dsrna","18":"tag-hs-afm","19":"tag-microbiology","20":"tag-microcantilevers","21":"tag-rna","22":"tag-rnai","23":"tag-scanning-probe-microscopy","24":"tag-ultra-short-afm-cantilevers","25":"tag-usc","26":"tag-usc-f1-2-k0-15","27":"tag-afm","30":"tag-395","31":"tag-396"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1529","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1529"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1529\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1541,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1529\/revisions\/1541"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1529"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1529"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanoworld.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1529"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}